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How to write an article? | C2 Proficient (CPE)

Level: C2
Article navigation:
C2 Proficient (CPE) Article: Structure
C2 Proficient (CPE) Article: Writing Guide
C2 Proficient (CPE) Article: Sample Answers
C2 Proficient (CPE) Article: Writing Topics
C2 Proficient (CPE) Article: Writing Checklist
C2 Proficient (CPE) Article: Marking Criteria
C2 Proficient (CPE) Article: Useful Phrases & Expressions

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An article is written on a particular theme in a style that makes it suitable for publication in an English-language newspaper, magazine or newsletter. Always read the instructions for the task carefully to be clear about whom you are writing for.

  • It is a text generally intended to publish in a newspaper, journal or magazine, so it can be quite serious or entertaining
  • It is written for a wide spectrum of audience, therefore it is important to attract and hold the attention of the readers
  • It may contain funny stories, reported speech, and descriptions
  • It may be formal or informal, depending on the target group; (but the article must have a less formal style than a report or essay)
  • It should express opinions and thoughts, as well as facts

C2 Proficient (CPE) Article: Structure

Title
An eye-catching title which attracts the readers’ attention.
Introduction
Clearly defines the topic to be covered and keeps the reader’s attention.
The main body paragraph 1 
Articles may also have subheadings for each paragraph.
The main body paragraph 2
Articles may also have subheadings for each paragraph.
Conclusion
Either a summary of the theme or a final opinion, recommendation or comment.
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C2 Proficient (CPE) Article: Writing Guide

Before you begin, keep in mind…

  • Where will the article appear? A newspaper,  magazine or website?
  • Who is the target group?
    Having a good grasp on who will be reading your article can help you orient the information and the tone so that it’s as useful as possible.
  • What is the purpose of the article?
    To advise, suggest, inform, compare, contrast describe, etc.?
  • What advanced grammar or phrases you intend to use?
    Inversion, III conditional or maybe some forms of passive voice? Think about what idioms or phrases you plan to use in the article as it is easy to forget and it is valuable for the article.
  • Organise your ideas carefully in paragraphs
    Each paragraph should provide a clear topic sentence.

1. The Title

The title is essential and should be a concise summary of the information presented in the article. Shortly speaking, the main idea of the article should be concluded in the title.

For example, if you are writing a description of a place, using adjectives can enhance the attractiveness of the place, before the reader begins reading the article, e.g.

Title: “The Tranquility and Peace of an Island that Time Forgot”.

If the task involves proposing a solution to a problem or your opinion, and so on, you can address your audience directly, e.g.

Title: “What You Need to Do to Be Successful”
Title: Is Learning English Really Necessary Today?”.

The title should not be too long and ideally reflect the style of the article – both formal or informal.

2. The Introduction

The introduction should coincide with the title of the article and also include brief development of the main idea.

As well as the title, it must engage the reader. Perhaps it is worth asking a question in the introduction to which the reader will find the answer at the end of the article?

Title: Long-distance Travel

Introduction: The Scottish writer, Robert Louis Stevenson, used to say that he travelled ‘not to go anywhere but to go.’ In other words, he loved travelling for its own sake. Would you agree that the journey there can be the most exciting and rewarding part of any holiday?

3. The main body

Make use of topic sentences…

To ensure unity in a paragraph, it is necessary to group sentences around the main idea. This means that it is necessary to begin by finding a theme or topic sentence which sums up the main idea of the whole paragraph. The best position for this sentence is normally at the beginning of the paragraph to help the reader to quickly comprehend the topic of the whole paragraph and minimise the likelihood of losing the theme altogether.

Example topic sentences:

Paragraph 1: Some years ago I studied Russian at university and used to travel frequently to Russia. [topic sentence] … you develop this point further … I usually went by train, by far the cheapest way to get there then. This involved a three-day train journey across the Channel and then over the…

Paragraph 2: I loved the sense of gradually making my way into a different world.[topic sentence] … you develop this point further … Towns and villages became less frequent and fields turned into forests as we chugged eastwards. The children who waved at the train as it passed began to have high Slav cheekbones. 

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Conclusion – summarise the topic

Effective conclusions take the article beyond summary and demonstrate a further appreciation of the article’s argument and its significance: why it works, why it is meaningful, and why it is valuable.

The purpose of the conclusion:

  • To connect the article’s findings to a larger context
  • To suggest the implications of your findings or the importance of the topic.
  • To revisit your main idea or research question with new insight.

 Article Topic –  travel
Conclusion: 
These days it’s cheaper to hop on a plane than a train and you can now get to Russia in three hours instead of three days. Lunch in London and dinner in Moscow has become possible thanks to the jet engine. In many ways the journey could be seen as easier now….
[connect the article’s idea to a larger context of global transportation]

See full article…

Long-distance Travel

The Scottish writer, Robert Louis Stevenson, used to say that he travelled ‘not to go anywhere but to go.’ In other words, he loved travelling for its own sake. Although I enjoy being at a new destination, I agree that the journey there can be the most exciting and rewarding part of any holiday.

Some years ago I studied Russian at university and used to travel frequently to Russia. I usually went by train, by far the cheapest way to get there then. This involved a three-day train journey across the Channel and then over the North European Plain through Belgium, Germany, Poland and Byelorus to Moscow. The train from Ostend was a Russian one and once on board you felt as if you were already in Russia, especially as you poured yourself a glass of tea from the samovar at the end of each carriage and made yourself comfortable for the two nights you’d spend in your sleeping compartment.

I loved the sense of gradually making my way into a different world. Towns and villages became less frequent and fields turned into forests as we chugged eastwards. The children who waved at the train as it passed began to have high Slav cheekbones. Travelling slowly gives you time to savour the gradual changes, to think about where you’re going or where you’ve just been, to adapt to a new way of being. This opportunity to reflect is immensely enriching.

These days it’s cheaper to hop on a plane than a train and you can now get to Russia in three hours instead of three days. Lunch in London and dinner in Moscow has become possible thanks to the jet engine. In many ways the journey could be seen as easier now. But in my opinion, travelling by rail is still much more satisfying, providing a real sense of distance – both geographical and social – between different countries.

Let’s sum it up…

An article should:

  • have a sharp introduction (a hook) that gets to the point immediately
  • can be slightly formal, but tends to be more reader-friendly (don’t use excessively long sentences)
  • tells a story
 

  • include personal experiences (l) and address the reader directly (you)
  • can make generalizations about society but make sure to connect them to your own personal experience

C2 Proficient (CPE) Article: Sample Answers

Article subject:

An international travel magazine is running a series of articles on alternatives to travelling by plane. The magazine has invited readers to send in articles briefly describing a memorable long-distance train or bus journey they have made. The article should explain the advantages of travelling a long distance by train or bus and consider whether in general travelling to your destination more slowly may result in a more satisfying travel experience.

Student’s CPE Article Answer:

Long-distance Travel

With the rapid pace in which technology has been developing over the last decades, air travel has become more and more affordable to the hoi polloi. This is particularly true since the spread of the ‘no-frills’ airlines which have taken over Europe by storm. Air travel offers relatively cheap and fast journey to its passengers, which explains its recent rise. But are these journeys pleasant ones? Recent opinion polls show they are not. People are unhappy about the weight and size limits on luggage, numerous changes, stress related to queues to check-in, security and then to the gate . … The largest ache for air passengers, however, seems to be the lack of human interaction amid the ‘de-humanising feel’ of the airports.

I recently had an opportunity – and a pleasure – to travel by train to a family wedding in Germany. Despite the fact the journey took 6 hours longer than it would by plane, it was a truly enjoyable experience. The rail track passed through beautiful, green mountain valleys, offering amazing views of numerous castles perched on the mountain sides and the views of medieval towns. I have also met a few very nice local people who entertained me during the journey with interesting and funny stories of their family weddings.

Thanks to excellent views and the people I travelled with, the journey felt unbelievably short. There are many advantages of travelling long distances by train, most of which overweight the largest disadvantage to some – namely the length of the journey. First of all – one is able to meet interesting people and engage in long conversations – a train journey seems to be a more welcoming environment for social interaction than a quick flight is. Secondly, whilst passing through the towns and villages rather than flying over them one is able to better experience the culture. There are also practical advantages – like the lack of strict luggage restrictions, less queues and the ability to open the window to get some fresh air. There are also less problems with the leg
space and a possibility to stretch them by strolling to the restaurant carriage or up and down the train. (This paragraph could have been divided into two for greater clarity)

To conclude, train travel could lead to a better travel experience comparing to the aircraft, under the condition that the passenger is open to experiencing the journey and is able to sacrifice a bit more time travelling.

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Article subject:

An international travel magazine is running a series of articles on alternatives to travelling by plane. The magazine has invited readers to send in articles briefly describing a memorable long-distance train or bus journey they have made. The article should explain the advantages of travelling a long distance by train or bus and consider whether in general travelling to your destination more slowly may result in a more satisfying travel experience.

Student’s CPE Article Answer:

Long-distance Travel

The Scottish writer, Robert Louis Stevenson, used to say that he travelled ‘not to go anywhere but to go.’ In other words, he loved travelling for its own sake. Although I enjoy being at a new destination, I agree that the journey there can be the most exciting and rewarding part of any holiday.

Some years ago I studied Russian at university and used to travel frequently to Russia. I usually went by train, by far the cheapest way to get there then. This involved a three-day train journey across the Channel and then over the North European Plain through Belgium, Germany, Poland and Byelorus to Moscow. The train from Ostend was a Russian one and once on board you felt as if you were already in Russia, especially as you poured yourself a glass of tea from the samovar at the end of each carriage and made yourself comfortable for the two nights you’d spend in your sleeping compartment.

I loved the sense of gradually making my way into a different world. Towns and villages became less frequent and fields turned into forests as we chugged eastwards. The children who waved at the train as it passed began to have high Slav cheekbones. Travelling slowly gives you time to savour the gradual changes, to think about where you’re going or where you’ve just been, to adapt to a new way of being. This opportunity to reflect is immensely enriching.

These days it’s cheaper to hop on a plane than a train and you can now get to Russia in three hours instead of three days. Lunch in London and dinner in Moscow has become possible thanks to the jet engine. In many ways the journey could be seen as easier now. But in my opinion, travelling by rail is still much more satisfying, providing a real sense of distance – both geographical and social – between different countries.

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Get Your (CPE) Article Checked!

Sample papers, online practice tests & tips. Track your progress online.
See more

engxam logo english exams

FCE, CAE, CPE

Practice, Write & Improve

Get your writing checked, track your progress online.
Sample papers, online practice tests & tips.

C2 Proficient (CPE) Article: Writing Topics

A local magazine has asked readers to send in articles on their preferences in public transport. Say which methods you prefer, explain your reasons and assess whether or not your preferences are similar to those of the majority of people where you live. If there are problems with some forms of transport say what they are and what might be done about these problems.

Write your article.

You are a member of a group which is seeking to improve the quality of life for elderly people In your neighbourhood. Write an article for the local newspaper explaining the aims of your group, how people can join it, and what they can do to help.

Write your article.

You use an online resource for your studies. You would like people to take advantage of such resources, so you decide to write an article in the college newspaper. Write your article describing the resource, explaining why and how it is useful, and mentioning who in particular could benefit from using it.

Write your article.

C2 Proficient (CPE) Article: Writing Checklist

After writing your text, you can check it yourself using the writing checklist below.

How to do that? Simply check your text/email by answering the questions one by one:

Content

  • Have I covered all the key information required by the task?
  • Have I written only information which is relevant to the task?
  • Have I developed the basic points in the task with my own ideas?
  • Have I included references or examples where necessary to support any ideas or information?

Communicative Achievement

  • Have I achieved the main purpose(s) of the text (for example, explaining, persuading, suggesting, apologising, comparing, etc.)?
  • Have I used a suitable mix of fact and opinion according to the requirements of the task and my communicative purpose(s)?
  • Have I used a suitable style and register for the task and genre?
  • Have I followed writing conventions which are particularly relevant to the task and genre?

Organisation

  • Have I organised my ideas clearly and coherently, using the most appropriate and effective structure
    for the task?
  • Have I used other organisational features appropriately for the genre (for example, titles, headings, openings, closings, etc.)?
  • Is the connection between my ideas clear and easy for the reader to follow? (For example, have I used appropriate linking words and other cohesive devices?)
  • Are the ideas balanced appropriately, with suitable attention and space given to each one?

Language

  • Have I used a wide range of vocabulary, appropriate to the topic and genre?
  • Have I avoided repeating the same words and phrases?
  • Have I used a range of simple and more complex grammatical structures appropriately?
  • Have I correctly used any common phrases which are relevant to the specific task or topic?
  • Is my use of grammar accurate?
  • Is my spelling accurate?
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C2 Proficient (CPE) Article: Marking Criteria

Language

You must use a wide range of vocabulary, including less common lexis, with fluency, precision, sophistication and style.

Use of grammar must be sophisticated, fully controlled and completely natural.

Communication

You must demonstrate complete command of the conventions of the communicative task.

Communicate complex ideas in an effective and convincing way, holding the target reader’s attention with ease, fulfilling all communicative purposes

Organization

Your text must be organised impressively and
coherently using a wide range of cohesive devices and organisational patterns with complete flexibility.

Content

Every sentence in the text should refer to the topic of the assignment, and all the tasks specified in it should be fulfilled.

Target reader ought to be fully informed.

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FCE, CAE, CPE

Practice Tests Online

Get your writing checked, track your progress online.
Sample papers, online practice tests & tips.

C2 Proficient (CPE) Article: Useful Phrases & Expressions

We will finish it with some useful vocabulary mostly used to organize information. Although it is taking a shortcut, if you learn several expressions for each paragraph in each type of text that could be on your exam, you will certainly be able to create a very consistent and well-organized text.

Agreeing partially

This is partly true…
To (an) (certain) / (some) extent…

In some cases …
Up to a point …
While it can not be denied that …
While it is true that…

Qualifying Statements

There is a tendency to…
A large number of the times…
Usually, they are inclined to…
Generally speaking…
Sometimes/Usually/Often/Generally… 
Things appear to be…
In a large number of cases…
In some instances…

Summary / Repetition / Exemplification

In brief…
On the whole…
Overall…
In short…
In other words…
To be sure…
For instance…
In fact…
In any event…

Purpose

Therefore…
With this object in view/mind…
To this end…
For this purpose….

Place and Location

Beyond…
Nearby…
On the opposite side…
Adjacent to…
Over head…
To/on the right…
In the centre…
Over to the left/right….
In the same area….
In the neighbouring town….

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