Come scrivere il rapporto perfetto? | C2 Proficient (CPE)
Rapporto CPE scriviamo per un pubblico specifico. Possono essere compagni di classe, colleghi di lavoro, supervisore o capo. Il contenuto del rapporto si basa principalmente su fatti e materiale di partenza.
C2 Proficient (CPE) Rapporto: La Struttura
| Introduzione Lo scopo di questo rapporto è…. |
| Sottotitolo + Paragrafo (2) Si prega di fornire le informazioni pertinenti |
| Sottotitolo + Paragrafo (3) Si prega di fornire le informazioni pertinenti |
| Sottotitolo + Paragrafo (4) Si prega di fornire le informazioni pertinenti |
| Riepilogo Dai i tuoi consigli |
FCE, CAE, CPE
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C2 Proficient (CPE) Rapporto: Guida
Useremo l’argomento di esempio qui sotto:
Scrivi la tua relazione (circa 280-320 parole)
Passaggio 1: Titolo e Introduzione
In generale, l’introduzione dovrebbe delineare lo scopo della relazione. Di solito inizia con un’espressione intermedia:
The objective of this report is to compare ….. and …..
The objective of this report is to outline the current condition of
Di seguito è riportato un esempio di introduzione scritta da uno studente:
Introduzione: The aim of this report is to exhibit evaluations of the efficiency and the structure of the ‘descriptive writing course, which has been conducted (forme passive) in the local college. The assessments provided are founded on my personal observations, accumulated during the course.
Il rapporto presentato è scritto in modo impersonale, azzeccato, è breve, coerente e prevalgono forme passive. L’autore del rapporto evita di rivolgersi direttamente al lettore (Tu).
Passaggio 2: Paragrafi (contenuto principale)
SUGGERIMENTI RAPIDI: Prima di iniziare…
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Vediamo un esempio del contenuto principale nella relazione di uno studente:
Nel primo paragrafo, lo studente descrive il primo punto, cioè il contenuto (“write a report in which you evaluate the course content, organisation and method.”)
Contenuto- titolo / breve e informativo
The content of the course was clearly structured (forme passive) and exceptionally well presented. It emphasizes each key aspect separately which, combined with a plethora of additional details provided, contributes greatly to its being easy to follow and comprehensive. Many of the foundational facets of the course were accurately exemplified (forme passive) by the means of impressive schemes and diagrams.
Nel secondo paragrafo, lo studente descrive il secondo punto, che è l’organizzazione (“write a report in which you evaluate the course content, organisation and method.”)
Organisation – titolo / breve e informativo
In terms of conducting, the event was run in a highly professional manner. The time schedules were meticulously complied (forme passive) with and the relocations from one hall to another had been made effortless and time-efficient through the medium of clear instructional sign tables. The lecturers were given (forme passive) excellent positions to speak from and the audience had the opportunity to immerse in both the visual presentation and the lecturer’s speech.
Nel terzo paragrafo, lo studente descrive il primo punto, cioè i metodi(“write a report in which you evaluate the course content, organisation and method.”)
Method– titolo / breve e informativo
The teaching method adopted by the organisers of the event is traditional and straightforward. It enables the attendants not only (inversione) to understand but also to summarize the information without the necessity lecturers’ speech to be interrupted or delayed. The course visitors were provided with (forme passive) miscellaneous writing materials by the means of which notes could be conveniently made.
Passaggio 3: Conclusioni
In questa sezione, dovremmo includere le risposte alle questioni sollevate nella relazione ed elencate nell’introduzione.
In termini più semplici, la persona che legge l’introduzione dovrebbe essere informata su ciò che verrà analizzato, e leggendo la conclusione dovrebbe conoscere i risultati di questa analisi.
Vediamo come uno degli studenti ha presentato le conclusioni nella sua relazione:
In the final analysis, (cohesive devices) impressions are entirely positive and strongly supportive in terms of further engaging in the course by me as well as other employees of the company. The usefulness of the ‘descriptive writing’ course can be considered exceptionally high and recommend the development of the latter (parole referenziali) to be upheld financially by the company. This action should be regarded as an investment in the future qualifications of the workers.”
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Esempi di esami, prove pratiche online e suggerimenti. Tieni traccia dei tuoi progressi online.Il rapporto completo:
The aim of this report is to exhibit evaluations of the efficiency and the structure of the ‘descriptive writing course, which has been conducted in the local college. The assessments provided are founded on my personal observations, accumulated during the course.
Content:
The content of the course was clearly structured and exceptionally well presented. It emphasizes each key aspect separately which, combined with a plethora of additional details provided, contributes greatly to its being easy to follow and comprehensive. Many of the foundational facets of the course were accurately exemplified by the means of impressive schemes and diagrams.
Organisation:
In terms of conducting, the event was run in a highly professional manner. The time schedules were meticulously complied with and the relocations from one hall to another had been made effortless and time-efficient through the medium of clear instructional sign tables. The lecturers were given excellent positions to speak from and the audience had the opportunity to immerse in both the visual presentation and the lecturer’s speech.
Method:
The teaching method adopted by the organisers of the event is traditional and straightforward. It enables the attendants to understand and summarize the information without the necessity lecturers speech to be interrupted or delayed. The course visitors were provided with miscellaneous writing materials by the means of which notes could be conveniently made.
Conclusions:
The implications I was led to by my personal impressions are entirely positive and strongly supportive in terms of further engaging in the course by me as well as other employees of the company. I consider the usefulness of the ‘descriptive writing’ course exceptionally high and recommend the development of the latter to be upheld financially by the company. This action should be regarded as an investment in the future qualifications of the workers.”
C2 Proficient (CPE) Rapporto: Gli errori più comuni
Cosa dovresti includere nella tua relazione?
- Inversione (not only/no sooner/seldom)
- Frasi condizionali invertite (Were we to..)
- Frasi participle (Being…/Having gone..)
- Doppio comparativo (The more we… the more)
- Forme passive (The committee has been informed about …)
- Frasi divise(What is most crucial is..)
- Espressioni di collegamento (Notwithstanding / despite / due to / consequently)
Cosa non dovresti usare quando scrivi un rapport?
- Linguaggio descrittivo
ed espressivo (stunning, gorgeous, amazing) - Idiomi(are informal)
- Verbi composti (are informal)
- Abbreviazioni (We’ve, It’s been said)
- Le tue opinioni personali (I think, | guess)
FCE, CAE, CPE
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Fai controllare il tuo saggio, monitora i tuoi progressi online.Documenti di esempio, prove pratiche online e suggerimenti.
C2 Proficient (CPE) Rapporto: Lista di controllo
Dopo aver scritto il testo, puoi verificare tu stesso se hai incluso tutto ciò che dovresti nel tuo lavoro utilizzando la lista di controllo qui sotto.
Come farlo? Basta controllare il testo rispondendo alle domande una per una:
Contenuti
- Ho incluso tutte le informazioni chiave fornite nell’attività?
- Ho scritto solo le informazioni rilevanti per l’attività?
- Ho sviluppato a sufficienza i punti chiave del compito utilizzando le mie idee?
- Ho incluso riferimenti o esempi per supportare le mie idee o informazioni?
Comunicazione appropriata
- Ho raggiunto gli obiettivi principali del testo (ad esempio, spiegazione, convinzione, suggerimento, scuse, confronto, ecc.)?
- Ho correttamente combinato fatti e opinioni in conformità con i requisiti del compito?
- Ho usato lo stile e il genere corretti richiesti per il compito?
- Ho seguito la convenzione appropriata per il tipo di testo?
Organizzazione
- Ho organizzato le mie idee in modo chiaro e coerente utilizzando la struttura più appropriata?
- Ho utilizzato correttamente altri elementi organizzativi a seconda del tipo di testo (ad esempio titoli, intestazioni, introduzioni, finali, ecc.)?
- La relazione tra le mie idee è facile da capire per il lettore? (Ad esempio, ho usato frasi di collegamento appropriate, pronomi, ecc. per fare riferimento a vari aspetti nel testo?)
- Ho espresso adeguatamente le mie idee con equilibrio e spazio per ognuna?
Lingua
- Ho usato un vocabolario ampio?
- Sto ripetendo le stesse parole e frasi?
- Ho usato una serie di strutture grammaticali semplici e più complesse?
- Ho usato correttamente frasi comuni che sono rilevanti per l’attività o l’argomento specifico?
- Il mio uso della grammatica è corretto?
- La mia ortografia è corretta?
C2 Proficient (CPE) Rapporto: Temi
You are employed as a researcher by a television company that is preparing a documentary about the social problems in your area or country. You have been told to write a report on the problems that you think the programme should cover. Write your report, listing the problems and describing the causes and consequences of them which you think the programme should highlight.
Scrivi il tuo rapporto.
Esempio di tema 1
You have just completed a one-week practical training course paid for by your employers. Write the report required by your employers, describing the course content and its usefulness, and saying whether you would recommend it for other members of staff.
Scrivi il tuo rapporto.
Esempio di tema 2
Your language school is looking for better ways for students to learn. They don’t have much money with which to buy high-tech equipment, but they would like to make any improvements that would be both cost-effective and learner-friendly. Write a report on ways in which to improve the school taking into account that it has a relatively tight budget. Suggest three specific improvements, mention how they would benefit the school and state what impact they would have cost-wise.
Scrivi il tuo rapporto.
Esempio di tema 3
C2 Proficient (CPE) Rapporto: Esempi di risposta
Tema del rapporto:
A jobs fair was recently held in your town for international organisations and companies to promote careers available for young people. You have been asked to write a report of the jobs fair for your college website. Briefly describe the event and identify two or three promotions of particular interest and relevance. You should also evaluate the extent to which such events can open young people’s minds to new challenges and career opportunities.
Un esempio del rapporto al livello di CPE:
Recent Jobs Fair
Last weekend there was a Jobs Fair in the Town Hall. Over 100 different international companies and organisations had stands giving information about the careers they can offer young people. There were plenty people on each stand to answer questions and to give advice and there was also a wealth of promotional literature available, The Fair also arranged a series of work-related talks, films and other events in the course of the weekend.
Promotions of particular interest
All in all it was an excellent event. There were two stands that I personally found particularly interesting and relevant. The first was one promoting opportunities for language teaching abroad. This is something that I and a number of fellow-students have been seriously considering. We were able to find out there about what qualifications we would need, what kind of working conditions we could expect and where there might be interesting vacancies for us to apply for.
The second stand that drew my particular attention was one for a charity offering young people opportunities to gain experience of other countries and cultures while helping on a range of voluntary projects abroad. These projects included medical, environmental, construction and educational work in a number of different countries. I was able to talk to several young people who had already participated in such work and gained a very positive impression of the benefits of taking part.
Value of such events
In my opinion, such events are of great benefit to young people. They inform us about opportunities that we might not otherwise have known about. They expand our horizons in terms of what we can aspire to. Several of my friends, for example, left the event feeling that their career plans had been transformed by what they have discovered during the Jobs Fair. We all agreed that our eyes had been opened to new opportunities in a very valuable way.
Tema del rapporto:
You have recently worked as a volunteer, coaching teenagers at a sports camp designed to encourage young people to take up new sports. The organisers have asked you to write a report for the website. You should briefly describe your responsibilities as a coach for two different sports. You should also evaluate how valuable the sports camp was for teenagers overall and recommend how it could be improved in the future.
Un esempio del rapporto al livello di CPE:
The purpose of this report is to present what we offer in two of the sports in our camp, assess the impact on the participants and recommend further improvements. I am writing in my capacity as a volunteer coach in cycling and hiking.
Cycling & Hiking Coaching
My main coaching duties for both cycling and hiking, revolved around two aspects: fitness and safety. The participants were given extensive dietary guidance regarding the appropriate intake of nutrients and calories for at least one week before any sporting event as well as crucial tips regarding the proper hydration and fueling of their body during any cycling race or hiking expedition. Great emphasis was, also, placed on safety gear like helmets, knee pads, hiking boots and the indispensable first-aid kit that should always be readily available.
Enjoyable today – Beneficial for a lifetime
This is the third year I have volunteered in these two sports and I am proud to say that the feedback
from both children and parents has always been enthusiastic. The experience they gain stretches beyond these two sports activities. The young athletes learn how: to respect the limits of their body, to fend for their dietary needs and to offer basic first-aid help in an emergency.
Further improvements
First and foremost, the sports camp could augment its impact on society by making its courses more affordable. Special discount packages for family members as well as reduced prices for kids with unemployed parents would definitely result in a significantly increased turnout. Moreover, brief weekend activities should be established. They could act as a follow-up throughout the year so that the children would have the opportunity to revise what they learned in the camp and thus consolidate their new habits.
C2 Proficient (CPE) Rapporto: Consigli
Ricorda che nella maggior parte dei casi il tuo obiettivo è valutare l’argomento e fornire al lettore informazioni e raccomandazioni pertinenti.
- Il tuo lettore target di solito è qualcuno di autorità (professore, presidente del consiglio comunale, capo di commissione, ecc.) Quindi leggi molto attentamente il compito.
- Il titolo e i sottotitoli sono parte integrante del layout. Dovresti usarli.
- I elenchi ti aiutano a organizzare e presentare le tue idee. Tuttavia, ha uno svantaggio: limita la gamma di strutture grammaticali che puoi dimostrare. Pertanto, non utilizzarlo più di una volta.
- L’attività identifica l’oggetto del rapporto e definisce le aree che è necessario descrivere. Tuttavia, dovresti anche usare le tue idee, aggiungere i dettagli necessari e suggerire possibili problemi e soluzioni.
- Devi dimostrare di conoscere il linguaggio comunemente usato nei rapporto: confrontare, analizzare, formulare raccomandazioni.
- La tua domanda dovrebbe essere fattuale e convincente.
C2 Proficient (CPE) Rapporto: Schema di punteggio
| Linguaggio È necessario utilizzare in modo corretto e preciso un’ampia gamma di parole e frasi, comprese quelle usate raramente. Il testo dovrebbe contenere espressioni grammaticali sia semplici che complesse. Anche il vocabolario dovrebbe essere ricco e vario.
| Comunicazione È necessario mantenere la convenzione del rapporto tipica della lingua inglese, ovvero una chiara divisione in paragrafi, intestazioni, elenchi puntati. Il testo dovrebbe essere di facile comprensione per il lettore target. |
| Organizzazione Il testo dovrebbe essere coerente e molto ben organizzato con frasi di collegamento e riferimenti interni. | Contenuti Ogni frase nel testo dovrebbe fare riferimento all’argomento del lavoro. Ricorda di seguire tutte le istruzioni nell’attività. |
FCE, CAE, CPE
Altro che prove pratiche
Fai controllare il tuo saggio, monitora i tuoi progressi online.
Documenti di esempio, prove pratiche online e suggerimenti.
C2 Proficient (CPE) Rapporto: Frasi ed espressioni utili
Di seguito troverai un vocabolario utile che puoi utilizzare per organizzare i tuoi contenuti. Nonostante si tratti di una scorciatoia, se impari qualche frase comune a ogni paragrafo, riuscirai sicuramente a creare un testo molto coerente e ben strutturato
Introduzione:
The purpose/aim of this report is to….
This report sets out to…
The report will comment on…
Below is an explanation of…
The focus of this report is…
This report will offer an in-depth critique of…
Confronto e contrasto:
There is a world of difference between… and…
… and… are fundamentally similar
… and… bear little resemblance to each other
There is a clear distinction between… and…
…compares favourably with…
… and… are polar opposites
There is a yawning gap between… and…
There is a subtle difference between… and…
There is a growing disparity between rich and poor.
… is strikingly different to…
Dare consigli:
In light of the above, we believe the following
measures should be adopted…
In the short/long term, we suggest you should consider…
My recommendations are as follows:…
In my view, in future, we should…
To improve the situation, we recommend…
It is recommended that…